Thermostat 4 Click Board™

How Does The Thermostat 4 Click Board™ Work?

The Thermostat 4 Click Board™ uses the output of the TMP392 as open-drain and with two 10k pull-up resistors on mikroBUS™ OA and OB pins connected to VCC voltage indicate when a threshold temperature is detected. The device powers on when the supply voltage goes beyond 1.5V, and starts sampling the input resistance to set the two trip points and hysteresis value after power-on. Resistance values for each temperature can be find in TMP392 datasheet Table 1 and Table 2. These values will remain the same until the device goes through a power cycle.

Trip point for channel A can be set manually using onboard trimmer while trip point for channel B is set using TPL0501 digital potentiometer with 256 wiper positions used as as a two-terminal rheostat. With end-to-end resistance of 100 kΩ internal registers of the TPL0501 can be accessed using a SPI interface. The position of the wiper (W) terminal is controlled by the value in the 8-bit Wiper Resistance (WR) register. When the WR register contains all zeroes (zero-scale), the wiper terminal is closest to its L terminal. As the value of the WR register increases from all zeroes to all ones (full-scale), the wiper moves from the position closest to the L terminal, to the position closest to the H terminal. At the same time, the resistance between W and L increases, whereas the resistance between W and H decreases.

The relay is activated by the host MCU. The voltage for the coil activation is 5V, while the current through the coil is 40mA. The MCU is not able to drive the coil directly, therefore an N-chanel FET had to be added. Its gate is controlled by the host MCU, allowing the coil to drain enough current from the 5V mikroBUS™ power rail. A red color LED, labelled as ACTIVE is used to indicate that the transistor is in an open state and that the current is running through the relay coil.

When the current through a coil (or any other inductor) is suddenly changed, the backEMF will be generated, opposing the changes of the current. This can sometimes lead to damage to the control circuit: in this case, the transistor will become inversely polarized. To prevent this from happening, a flyback diode is added across the coil. During the normal operation, this diode does not conduct any current. However, when the coil is switched OFF, the inverse polarization will cause the current to pass through this diode with minimum resistance. This prevents inverse (flyback) voltage from building up, so the transistor remains safe.

The Thermostat 4 Click Board™ is equipped with all the necessary elements, required to provide a reliable operation: it has a varistor across the relay output contacts, preventing excessive voltage transients, it has a flyback diode for the backEMF generated within the relay coil, and a durable mechanical relay, that can withstand up to 20,000,000 mechanical cycles (no load connected). These features allow Thermostat 4 Click Board™ to be used for a wide range of applications that have to be thermally controlled: various home appliances, air conditioners, cooling fans, small heaters, etc.

SPECIFICATIONS

PINOUT DIAGRAM

This table shows how the pinout of the Thermostat 4 Click Board™ corresponds to the pinout on the mikroBUS™ socket (the latter shown in the two middle columns).

Notes	Pin					Pin	Notes
Channel A Output	OA	1	AN	PWM	16	RLY	Relay Control
Reset	RST	2	RST	INT	15	OB	Channel B Output
SPI Chip Select	CS	3	CS	RX	14	NC
SPI Clock	SCK	4	SCK	TX	13	NC
NC	5	MISO	SCL	12	NC
SPI Data IN	SDI	6	MOSI	SDA	11	NC
Power Supply	3.3V	7	3.3V	5V	10	5V	Power Supply
Ground	GND	8	GND	GND	9	GND	Ground

ONBOARD SETTINGS AND INDICATORS